Masih ingatkah anda dengan kasus doping yang menimpa atlet sepeda Lance Amstrong? Awalnya saya sangat terkejut dengan pemberitaan ini. Agak sedikit tidak percaya, namun ternyata tuduhan ini terbukti benar adanya. Bahkan Badan Anti Doping Amerika Serikat (USADA) menyatakan bahwa Lance Amstrong telah melakukan doping paling profesional dan tercanggih dari yang pernah ada. Sebegitu parahkah atlet-atlet hebat ini sehingga membutuhkan doping?
Saat membaca pemberitaan tersebut, saya bertanya-tanya sebenarnya seperti apa itu doping? Seberapa besar pengaruh dan bahayanya sehingga para atlet ini nekat memakai jalan
pintas ini?
Doping adalah zat kimia yang dibuat untuk membantu kinerja tubuh, awalnya doping ini dipakai untuk mengobati orang sakit. Namun lama kelamaan, para atlet jadi penasaran untuk mencobanya.Tujuan memakai doping itu sendiriadalah upaya untuk meningkatkan prestasi dengan menggunakan zat atau metode yang dilarang dalam olahraga.
Biasanya doping dilakukan dengan cara metode transfusi darah, injeksi ataupun dengan cara dikonsumsi secara konvensional. Doping ini mengandung zat-zat berbahaya berbeda dengan penggunaannya. Inilah zat-zat bahaya yang terkandung dalam doping:
- Stimulan(amphetamine,Caffein, Cocain, Aphedrine, dll)
Stimulan digunakan untuk meningkatkan batas kemampuan kompetitif para atlet. Bahayanya adalah: insomnia, kejang-kejang, agresif, serangan jantung, detak jantung yang tidak beraturan.
2. Steroids
Zat ini yang banyak dipakai oleh atlet dan binaragawan. Steroids memang bisa membantu membentuk otot dengan cepat namun efeknya bisa menganggu hormon dalam tubuh. Contohnya: pemakaian streoids pada perempuan bisa mengacaukan jadwal haid, pertumbuhan rambut pada wajah.
3. EPO
Zat ini bisa membantu penggunaan oksigen dalam darah. Namun efeknya bisa berujung kematian! Prosesnya darah mengental – penggumpalan darah di otak – stroke (pembuluh darah yang pecah)
4. High
Kalau yang satu ini dapat membuat tulang otot menjadi lebih besar dan pemulihan otot yang cepat, namun bisa juga terjadi pembesaran jantung, penonjolan tulang dahi, tengkorak, rahang.
5. Diuretik dan zat penyamar lainnya
beberapa atlit menggunakan zat ini untuk menyamarkan dari penggunaan zat terlarang lainnya. Namun penggunaan zat ini dapat menyebabkan kerusakan ginjal, kejang otot, dll.
6. Marijuana
Mendengar namanya saja kita sudah tahu bahwa ini adalah zat terlarang, benar bukan? Marijuana dapat menyebabkan penurunan sistem kekebalan tubuh, mempengaruhi paru-paru dan melemahkan daya ingat.
7. Narkotik
Penggunaan narkotik bisa menyebabkan kehilangan keseimbangan, penurunan detak jantung dll.
Doping memang merupakan cara instan untuk berkompetisi. Namun ada beberapa harga mahal yang harus dibayar. Seperti pengaruh-pengaruhnya yang sangat berbahaya. Selain itu pemakaian Doping dilarang karena bertentangan dengan “SPIRIT of SPORT”. Doping dilarang dalam semua kegiatan olahraga (UU No. 3 SKN Tahun 2005).
Semoga bermanfaat! Cheers!
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